Zoonotic Diseases by Animal Species
Scope: This index includes direct zoonoses as well as historically listed vector-borne, food-borne, environmental, reservoir-associated, occupational, and animal-associated hazards. An animal listed with a condition is not necessarily a direct source of human infection.
Cross-reference standard: Every disease name below links to a retained monograph in one of the four alphabetical reference pages. No species-page disease was deleted solely because an older anchor was missing; valid orphaned entries were restored as complete monographs.
Medical guidance: This is educational information and does not replace individual medical or veterinary evaluation.
Cats
- Afipia felis historical CSD association; not the recognized cause of typical cat-scratch disease
- Anthrax
- Bartonella henselae (cat-scratch disease)
- Bergeyella (Weeksella) zoohelcum
- Brucella spp. rare/spillover association
- Campylobacteriosis
- Capnocytophaga canimorsus
- Chlamydia felis rare/very low zoonotic significance; historical chlamydial grouping
- Cowpox
- Cutaneous larva migrans
- Dermatophytosis
- Dipylidium caninum
- Duvenhage virus rare lyssavirus/companion-animal association
- Filariasis vector-borne; cats can host several zoonotic filariae
- Fleas arthropod/vector hazard
- Giardiasis species/genotype-dependent zoonotic relevance
- Gnathostomiasis cats can be definitive hosts; human infection is usually foodborne
- Leptospirosis
- Melioidosis primarily environmental
- Mesocestodiasis cats can be definitive hosts
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bidirectional/household association
- Microsporidiosis species/genotype-dependent zoonotic importance
- Mokola virus / lyssavirus infection rare geographic association
- Murine typhus cat-flea/periurban association; not direct cat-to-human transmission
- Neisseria canis
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host; wound myiasis
- Nipah virus infection spillover association
- Non-H. pylori gastric Helicobacter infection potential zoonotic association
- Pasteurella multocida
- Plague (Yersinia pestis)
- Poxvirus infection
- Q fever uncommon companion-animal association
- Rabies
- Rat-bite fever organisms uncommon carriage/exposure association
- Rhodococcus equi infection uncommon opportunistic infection
- Rickettsia felis infection flea-associated
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcocystosis definitive-host association; human infection is food/environment related
- Sarcoptic mange/scabies transient human dermatitis from animal mites
- Schistosomiasis host association; human exposure is environmental, not direct cat transmission
- Sparganosis definitive-host association; no direct cat-to-human transmission
- Sporotrichosis important direct zoonotic risk from infected cats in endemic areas
- Staphylococcosis animal-associated staphylococci; zoonotic significance varies
- Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infection
- Streptococcosis rare animal-to-human streptococcal infection
- Streptococcus dysgalactiae rare zoonotic strains
- Strongyloidiasis zoonotic potential is lineage-dependent
- Tapeworm infections
- Ticks arthropod/vector hazard
- Toxocariasis / visceral larva migrans
- Toxoplasmosis
- Tuberculosis / mycobacterial infection uncommon mammalian TB association
- Tularemia
- Vitamin A toxicity from animal liver noninfectious food hazard
- Yersiniosis
Dogs
- American trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma cruzi) vector-borne/reservoir-associated
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum / ehrlichiosis-group infections vector-borne; dog is usually not the direct source
- Anthrax
- Bergeyella (Weeksella) zoohelcum
- Blastomycosis primarily environmental/shared exposure
- Bordetella bronchiseptica infection rare/opportunistic zoonosis
- Brucella canis
- Campylobacteriosis
- Capnocytophaga canimorsus / C. cynodegmi
- Cheyletiellosis
- Coenurosis and other tapeworm infections
- Cryptosporidiosis species/genotype-dependent
- Cutaneous larva migrans
- Dermatophytosis
- Dipylidium caninum
- Dirofilariasis / Onchocerca lupi vector-borne
- Duvenhage virus rare lyssavirus/companion-animal association
- Echinococcosis
- Fleas arthropod/vector hazard
- Giardiasis species/genotype-dependent
- Gnathostomiasis dogs can be definitive hosts; human infection is usually foodborne
- Leishmaniasis vector-borne; dogs are important reservoirs for some species
- Leptospirosis
- Lyme disease tick-borne; dogs are sentinels, not the direct source
- Melioidosis primarily environmental
- Mesocestodiasis dogs can be definitive and aberrant larval hosts
- Microsporidiosis species/genotype-dependent zoonotic importance
- Mokola/other lyssavirus infection rare geographic association
- MRSA bidirectional/household association
- Murine typhus periurban/flea association
- Neisseria canis
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host; wound myiasis
- Nipah virus infection spillover association
- Non-H. pylori gastric Helicobacter infection potential zoonotic association
- Pasteurella multocida
- Plague
- Q fever uncommon companion-animal association
- Rabies
- Rat-bite fever organisms uncommon carriage/exposure association
- Rhodococcus equi infection uncommon opportunistic infection
- Rickettsia felis infection flea-associated
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever tick-borne; dogs are sentinel/incidental hosts
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcocystosis definitive-host association; human infection is food/environment related
- Sarcoptic mange/scabies
- Schistosomiasis host association; human exposure is environmental
- Sparganosis definitive-host association; no direct dog-to-human transmission
- Sporotrichosis usually environmental; animal transmission is less important than feline transmission
- Staphylococcosis animal-associated staphylococci; zoonotic significance varies
- Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infection
- Streptococcosis
- Streptococcus dysgalactiae rare zoonotic strains
- Strongyloidiasis zoonotic potential is lineage-dependent
- Ticks arthropod/vector hazard
- Toxocariasis / visceral larva migrans
- Tuberculosis / mycobacterial infection uncommon mammalian TB association
- Tularemia
- Vitamin A toxicity noninfectious food hazard from excessive liver consumption
- Yersiniosis
Rodents
- Acariasis
- American trypanosomiasis reservoir/vector association
- Angiostrongyliasis
- Babesiosis tick-borne reservoir association
- Campylobacteriosis
- Capillariasis
- Dermatophytosis
- Flea-associated hazards
- Giardiasis
- Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
- Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
- Hymenolepis diminuta
- Hymenolepis nana
- La Crosse and other arbovirus infections vector/reservoir association
- Leptospirosis
- Listeriosis shared/environmental association
- Lyme disease reservoir/tick association
- Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
- Microsporidiosis
- Murine typhus rat-flea/periurban cycles
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host; wound myiasis
- Plague
- Rabies rare in small rodents; risk varies by species/jurisdiction
- Rat-bite fever
- Rickettsialpox
- Rodent-associated poxvirus infections
- Rodent-associated viral hemorrhagic fevers
- Salmonellosis
- Schistosomiasis some rodent hosts; environmental transmission
- Ticks arthropod hazard
- Trichinellosis wildlife reservoir/food-chain association
- Tropical rat mite dermatitis
- Tularemia
- Yersinia pestis / plague wild rodent reservoir association
Horses
- Actinobacillus spp.
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Dermatophytosis
- Eastern, Western and Venezuelan equine encephalitis; West Nile virus mosquito-borne; horses are usually incidental/sentinel hosts
- Glanders
- Hendra virus infection
- Leptospirosis
- Melioidosis primarily environmental
- MRSA bidirectional/occupational association
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Nipah virus infection spillover reported; not a major reservoir
- Rabies
- Rhodococcus equi infection
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcoptic mange/scabies transient human dermatitis
- Schistosomiasis host association; environmental transmission
- St. Louis encephalitis mosquito-borne; horse association does not imply direct transmission
- Streptococcus dysgalactiae infection rare zoonotic association
- Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus infection
- Trichinellosis rare food-chain association
- Vesicular stomatitis direct/vector-associated occupational risk
- Yersiniosis
Rabbits, Hares and Pikas
- Acariasis
- Brucella suis biotype 2
- Cheyletiella infestation
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Dermatophytosis
- Filariasis
- Fleas arthropod/vector hazard
- Hepatitis E virus infection rabbit-associated HEV strains; zoonotic relevance varies geographically
- Microsporidiosis (including Encephalitozoon cuniculi) genotype-dependent zoonotic importance
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Pasteurellosis
- Plague
- Q fever historical/low-frequency association
- Rabies rare but possible in lagomorphs
- Rat-bite fever organisms uncommon carriage/exposure association
- Salmonellosis
- Ticks arthropod hazard
- Trichostrongylosis
- Tularemia
Bats
- Duvenhage virus
- European bat lyssavirus 1 (EBLV-1) legacy “Yuli virus” label retained only for anchor compatibility
- Histoplasma capsulatum guano/environment-associated
- Kasokero virus rare/historical association
- Lyssavirus / Australian bat lyssavirus
- Marburg virus disease Egyptian fruit bat reservoir
- MERS-related coronavirus bat association evolutionary reservoir association; dromedary camels are the established source for human MERS
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Nipah virus infection pteropodid fruit bat reservoir
- Rabies
- SARS-CoV-1 bat reservoir ancestry; civets were important intermediate/amplifying hosts
Birds
- Acariasis
- Avian tuberculosis / avian mycobacteriosis primarily M. avium subsp. avium; M. genavense important in companion/exotic birds
- Blastomycosis primarily environmental/shared exposure
- Campylobacteriosis
- Colibacillosis
- Cryptococcosis / histoplasmosis primarily environmental/shared exposure
- Cryptosporidiosis species/genotype-dependent
- Eastern/Western equine encephalitis and West Nile virus mosquito-borne / bird reservoir association
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
- Fleas arthropod/vector hazard
- Giardiasis species-dependent
- Microsporidiosis
- MRSA uncommon/bidirectional association
- Mycobacterium avium complex / avian mycobacteriosis usually environmental; direct zoonotic transmission uncommon
- New World screwworm myiasis birds are susceptible warm-blooded hosts
- Newcastle disease virus
- Pasteurella multocida
- Psittacosis (Chlamydia psittaci)
- Salmonellosis
- St. Louis encephalitis mosquito-borne / bird reservoir association
- Staphylococcosis
- Yersinia pseudotuberculosis
- Zoonotic avian influenza A virus infection
Turtles, Tortoises and Terrapins
- Aeromonas spp. infection
- Campylobacteriosis
- Edwardsiella tarda
- MRSA reported carriage/infection; uncommon zoonotic significance
- Mycobacteriosis reptile association; many infections are environmental
- Mycobacterium marinum aquatic/reptile association
- Salmonellosis
- Sparganosis intermediate/paratenic host association
Crocodilians
- Aeromonas hydrophila
- Clostridium spp.
- Edwardsiella tarda infection
- Mycobacteriosis reptile association; many infections are environmental
- Mycobacterium marinum aquatic/reptile association
- Salmonellosis
- Sparganosis intermediate/paratenic host association
Lizards
- Campylobacteriosis
- Mycobacteriosis reptile association; many infections are environmental
- Mycobacterium marinum aquatic/reptile association
- Salmonellosis
- Sparganosis intermediate/paratenic host association
Snakes
- Aeromonas hydrophila
- Edwardsiella tarda
- Escherichia coli
- Mesocestodiasis
- Morganella morganii
- Mycobacteriosis reptile association; many infections are environmental
- Mycobacterium marinum aquatic/reptile association
- Mycobacterium ulcerans environment-associated; direct zoonotic transmission unproven
- Ophionyssus natricis infestation
- Pentastomiasis
- Proteus vulgaris
- Providencia spp.
- Q fever uncommon association
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcocystosis
- Sparganosis
Amphibians
- Aeromonas spp. infection
- Edwardsiella tarda
- Mycobacteriosis aquatic/environmental association
- Mycobacterium marinum aquatic association
- Salmonellosis
- Sparganosis
- Tetrodotoxin poisoning noninfectious toxin exposure
Cattle
- Anthrax
- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy / variant CJD foodborne prion risk
- Brucellosis
- Campylobacteriosis
- Chlamydia abortus sporadic cattle infection; small ruminants are the major zoonotic source
- Cowpox
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever / tick-borne encephalitis associations vector-borne or foodborne depending agent
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Dermatophilosis (Dermatophilus congolensis) rare direct-contact zoonosis
- Dermatophytosis
- Echinococcosis livestock intermediate-host association
- Foot-and-mouth disease human infection extraordinarily rare; primarily an animal disease
- Giardiasis
- Leptospirosis
- Listeriosis
- Microsporidiosis species/genotype-dependent
- MRSA livestock-associated/bidirectional potential
- Mycobacterium bovis / zoonotic tuberculosis
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible livestock host
- Pseudocowpox
- Q fever
- Rabies
- Rhodococcus equi infection uncommon production-animal association
- Rift Valley fever mosquito-borne or exposure to infected tissues
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcocystosis
- Sarcoptic mange transient human dermatitis
- Schistosomiasis animal-reservoir role is species/region dependent; transmission requires freshwater snails
- Shiga toxin-producing E. coli infection fecal-oral/foodborne
- Staphylococcal food poisoning foodborne intoxication; dairy/food contamination association
- Streptococcus dysgalactiae rare animal-derived strains
- Streptococcus zooepidemicus and related streptococci rare zoonotic infection
- Taenia saginata foodborne through beef
- Taeniasis/cestode food-chain associations
- Trichophyton verrucosum ringworm
- Trueperella pyogenes
- Vesicular stomatitis reportable vesicular disease; occupational zoonotic risk
- Yersinia enterocolitica
- “Slow virus variant” historical entry see BSE/vCJD; obsolete terminology
Sheep and Goats
- Actinobacillus spp.
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Campylobacteriosis
- Caseous lymphadenitis (Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis) rare occupational zoonosis
- Chlamydia abortus / enzootic abortion major occupational and pregnancy-associated zoonotic risk from birth products
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Dermatophilosis
- Dermatophytosis
- Echinococcosis livestock intermediate-host association
- Foot-and-mouth disease human infection extraordinarily rare
- Giardiasis
- Leptospirosis
- Listeriosis
- Louping ill, tick-borne encephalitis, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever vector-borne; TBE can also be foodborne via unpasteurized milk
- Melioidosis primarily environmental rather than direct zoonotic transmission
- Mycobacterium bovis infection
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible livestock host
- Orf / contagious ecthyma
- Poxvirus infection / orf-related poxviruses
- Q fever
- Rabies
- Rhodococcus equi infection goat-associated strains documented; uncommon zoonotic pathway
- Rift Valley fever mosquito-borne or exposure to infected tissues
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcoptic mange transient human dermatitis
- Schistosomiasis goat host association; environmental transmission
- Staphylococcal food poisoning foodborne intoxication via contaminated dairy/foods
- Streptococcosis rare ruminant-associated zoonotic strains
- Streptococcus dysgalactiae mastitis/rare zoonotic strains
- Toxoplasmosis food-chain/reproductive association
- Trueperella pyogenes
- Tularemia
- Vesicular stomatitis direct/vector-associated occupational risk
- Yersiniosis
Raccoons
- Baylisascaris procyonis
- Dirofilaria tenuis infection raccoon reservoir; mosquito-borne human infection
- Edwardsiella tarda
- Leptospirosis
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded wildlife host
- Rabies
- Salmonellosis
- Tularemia
Non-Human Primates
- Acariasis
- B virus (Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1) and related primate herpesviruses
- Balantidiasis
- Bertielliasis
- Campylobacteriosis
- Cytomegalovirus primarily species-specific; limited zoonotic relevance
- Ebola virus disease
- Entamoeba histolytica
- Entamoeba polecki
- Giardiasis
- Hepatitis A
- Leprosy
- Marburg virus disease
- Measles primarily reverse zoonosis from people to primates
- Microsporidiosis species/genotype-dependent
- Mpox
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis / M. bovis infection
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Oesophagostomiasis
- Salmonellosis
- Shigellosis occupational zoonotic risk from nonhuman primates
- Simian immunodeficiency virus historical zoonotic origin / occupational research concern
- Strongyloidiasis
- Tanapox rare/occupational association
- Trichostrongylosis
- Tularemia
- Yaba monkey tumor virus infection rare/occupational association
- Yellow fever sylvatic primate–mosquito cycle
- Zoonotic simian malaria / Plasmodium spp. mosquito-borne
Weasels, Otters, Badgers and Skunks
- Gnathostomiasis weasels are definitive hosts for some zoonotic Gnathostoma species
- Leptospirosis
- Microsporidiosis mink/mustelid association; zoonotic importance varies by species/genotype
- Mycobacterium bovis infection important wildlife reservoir in some regions
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded wildlife host
- Rabies
- Tularemia
Ferrets
- Campylobacteriosis
- Dermatophytosis
- Filariasis
- Flea-associated hazards
- Influenza A virus infection bidirectional human–ferret transmission can occur
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Rabies
- Rat-bite fever organisms uncommon carriage/exposure association
- Salmonellosis
Pigs
- Anthrax
- Ascaris suum / ascariasis
- Botulism
- Brucella suis
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Entamoeba polecki
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
- Flavobacterium group IIb-like bacteria historical pig-bite isolate; very limited zoonotic evidence
- Foot-and-mouth disease human infection extraordinarily rare; primarily an animal disease
- Gnathostomiasis wild/domestic pig food-chain association for some species
- Helicobacter infection animal association; zoonotic importance varies by species
- Hepatitis E virus infection primarily foodborne
- Leptospirosis
- Melioidosis primarily environmental
- Microsporidiosis species/genotype-dependent
- MRSA pigs are an important reservoir for livestock-associated MRSA
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible livestock host
- Nipah virus infection important amplifying host in some outbreaks
- Opisthorchiasis fish-eating pig host / food-chain association
- Pasteurella aerogenes
- Pasteurella multocida
- Pigbel / enteritis necroticans not a conventional direct zoonosis; retained animal-associated entry
- Rabies
- Rhodococcus equi infection porcine-associated strains; possible foodborne/occupational link
- Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcocystosis
- Sarcoptic mange/scabies
- Schistosomiasis host association; environmental transmission
- Staphylococcal food poisoning food contamination/intoxication rather than direct infection
- Streptococcosis includes zoonotic swine-associated streptococci
- Streptococcus anginosus (“milleri”) group not a conventional zoonosis; historical animal association
- Streptococcus dysgalactiae
- Streptococcus suis
- Swine influenza A virus infection
- Swine vesicular disease primarily animal/regulatory disease; human infection exceptionally rare
- Taenia solium / tapeworm food-chain association
- Trichinellosis primarily foodborne
- Trueperella pyogenes
- Tuberculosis / mycobacterial infection uncommon but recognized host association
- Vesicular stomatitis reportable vesicular disease; zoonotic occupational risk
- Yersinia enterocolitica / Y. pseudotuberculosis
Camels and Llamas
- Anthrax
- Brucellosis
- Camelpox
- Campylobacteriosis
- Cryptosporidiosis
- Foot-and-mouth disease primarily animal disease
- Glanders rare camel/camelid association
- Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) especially dromedary camels
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible livestock host
- Plague uncommon spillover association
- Q fever
- Rift Valley fever
- Salmonellosis
- Vesicular stomatitis llamas and alpacas are susceptible
Bears
- Dirofilaria ursi infection black-bear reservoir; vector-borne human infection
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded wildlife host
- Trichinellosis important foodborne risk from bear meat
- Vitamin A toxicity noninfectious food hazard, especially liver from some species
Civets, Genets and Mongooses
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded wildlife host
- Rabies
- SARS-CoV-1 civet-associated emergence/amplification
Marsupials
- Anthrax
- Dermatophytosis
- Flea-associated hazards
- Leptospirosis
- Melioidosis primarily environmental
- Murine typhus opossum–cat flea periurban cycle in some regions
- Mycobacterium bovis infection important possum association in some countries
- Mycobacterium ulcerans possums are important environmental epidemiologic indicators in southeastern Australia; direct zoonotic transmission is unproven
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Pasteurella multocida
- Q fever
- Salmonellosis
- Sarcoptic mange/scabies
- Sparganosis
- Trichinellosis foodborne
Seals, Sea Lions and Walruses
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
- Influenza A virus conjunctivitis/occupational exposure reported
- Leptospirosis
- Marine-mammal brucellosis
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host where fly is present
- Seal finger
- Streptococcus iniae marine-mammal/fish pathogen association
- Trichinella nativa infection foodborne from marine mammals
- Vitamin A toxicity noninfectious liver-consumption hazard
Elephants
- Anthrax
- Cowpox-like/orthopoxvirus infection
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis / M. bovis infection important occupational/reverse-zoonotic considerations
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Salmonellosis
Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises
- Anisakiasis marine mammals are definitive hosts; human infection is foodborne via seafood
- Brucellosis (including Brucella ceti)
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
- Leptospirosis
- Mycobacterium marinum
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host where fly is present
- Seal finger / marine-mammal mycoplasma wound infection
- Streptococcus iniae marine-mammal/fish pathogen association
- Tuberculosis / mycobacterial infection
Anteaters, Sloths and Armadillos
- American trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma cruzi) armadillos and other mammals as reservoir hosts
- Leprosy armadillos are recognized zoonotic reservoirs in the Americas
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
Insectivores
- Dermatophytosis
- New World screwworm myiasis susceptible warm-blooded host
- Salmonellosis
Fish
- Aeromonas hydrophila infection
- Angiostrongyliasis food/aquatic exposure association
- Anisakiasis foodborne
- Botulism foodborne/aquatic-food exposure
- Capillaria philippinensis foodborne
- Cholera aquatic-food/environment association
- Clonorchis sinensis foodborne
- Dioctophyme renale food/aquatic exposure
- Diphyllobothriid tapeworm infection foodborne
- Echinostomiasis foodborne
- Edwardsiella tarda infection
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
- Eustrongylides foodborne
- Gnathostomiasis foodborne/aquatic-food exposure
- Heterophyiasis foodborne
- Metagonimus yokogawai infection foodborne
- Mycobacteriosis aquarium/fish-associated
- Mycobacterium marinum infection
- Nanophyetiasis foodborne
- Opisthorchiasis foodborne
- Salmonellosis
- Sparganosis aquatic/intermediate-host association
- Streptococcosis fish-associated zoonotic streptococci
- Streptococcus iniae infection
- Tetrodotoxin poisoning noninfectious pufferfish-associated toxin exposure
- Vibrio infection foodborne/water exposure
- Vibriosis fish/seafood and aquatic-environment association
Current Reference Sources
- CDC Healthy Pets, Healthy People — Diseases that can spread between animals and people
- Merck Veterinary Manual — Zoonotic Diseases
- USDA APHIS — Animal Health
- World Health Organization — Zoonoses
- Companion Animal Parasite Council — Parasite Guidelines
Link audit: All internal disease links on this page were reconciled against the final A–E, F–L, M–R, and S–Z anchor sets in September 2026.